AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The surface area to volume ratio of a cell must be such that the cell membrane has enough surface area to adequately serve the internal contents (volume) of the cell, including the adequate exchange of gases. As the cell grows, its surface area to volume ratio decreases, reducing the rate of gas exchange.

Detailed explanation-2: -However, increased surface area can cause problems as well. More contact with the environment through the surface of a cell or an organ (relative to its volume) increases loss of water and dissolved substances. High surface area to volume ratios also present problems of temperature control in unfavorable environments.

Detailed explanation-3: -Explanation: As the surface area to volume ratio increases, the cell becomes thinner allowing for a shorter diffusion pathway. Hence, creating a more rapid and efficient diffusion of water across the cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Remember, the blood capillaries must be in contact with the respiratory surface for gas exchange to take place. Therefore, the greater the surface area, the more gas exchange can occur.