ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
GAS EXCHANGE IN HUMANS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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to warm up the incoming air
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to moisten the incoming air
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to move mucus away from the trachea
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to produce mucus to protect the trachea
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Detailed explanation-1: -When you inhale, the mucus traps dust or other small debris to keep it from traveling to your lungs. In the trachea’s inner layer, you have small, hair-like structures called cilia. Cilia move in rhythm to push mucus out of your trachea so that you either expel or swallow it.
Detailed explanation-2: -The trachea is also lined with cilia, which sweep fluids and foreign particles out of the airway so that they stay out of the lungs. At its bottom end, the trachea divides into left and right air tubes called bronchi (pronounced: BRAHN-kye), which connect to the lungs.
Detailed explanation-3: -The movement of cilia is similar to the way your arms move while swimming the breaststroke [3]. An individual cilium is not strong enough to move the mucus layer on its own, but when thousands of cilia beat together in a coordinated fashion, they can collectively cause the mucus to move [2, 3].
Detailed explanation-4: -The primary function of the trachea is to transport air to and from the lungs.
Detailed explanation-5: -The epithelium provides physical barrier to infection, lining the respiratory tract from the nose to the alveoli with a wide range of cell types. Ciliated epithelial cells are important in propelling mucus up the airway, thereby removing particulate material.