ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
HUMAN CIRCULATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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To expand and contract around the pulse to maintain blood pressure
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To expand under high pressure
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To expand under high pressure and recoil to maintain the blood pressure
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So blood flow can be stopped if needed
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Detailed explanation-1: -Arteries are always under high pressure. To accommodate this stress, they have an abundance of elastic tissue and less smooth muscle. The presence of elastin in the large blood vessels enables these vessels to increase in size and alter their diameter.
Detailed explanation-2: -This stretching generates the potential energy that will help maintain blood pressure during diastole, when the aorta contracts passively. Additionally, the elastic recoil helps conserve the energy from the pumping heart and smooth the flow of blood around the body through the Windkessel effect.
Detailed explanation-3: -Thick walls of arteries help them to resist the pressure of the flow of blood in them. Elastic walls of arteries: The elastic layer allows stretching and absorbs pressure. The walls stretch and recoil in response to pumping, thus peaks in pressure are absorbed.
Detailed explanation-4: -Arteries and arterioles have relatively thick muscular walls because blood pressure in them is high and because they must adjust their diameter to maintain blood pressure and to control blood flow.