AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ‘goosebumps’, which is experienced during winter, or any emotion is caused by the contraction of the arrector muscles which runs obliquely between the hair follicle and the outer part of the dermis. Q.

Detailed explanation-2: -Goosebumps occur when tiny muscles in our skin’s hair follicles, called arrector pili muscles, pull hair upright. For animals with thick fur, this response helps keep them warm.

Detailed explanation-3: -The nerve discharge causes contraction of little muscles called the arrectores pilorum (the hair erector muscles). Contraction of these muscles elevates the hair follicles above the rest of the skin. And it is these tiny elevations we perceive as goose bumps.

Detailed explanation-4: -If you get too cold, your brain alerts your body that it should take steps to warm up. Goosebumps are one of those signals. They’re also an attempt to trap warm air next to your skin and let you hold on to your body heat.

Detailed explanation-5: -The integumentary system helps regulate body temperature through its tight association with the sympathetic nervous system, the division of the nervous system involved in our fight-or-flight responses. The sympathetic nervous system is continuously monitoring body temperature and initiating appropriate motor responses.