AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The outermost layer of plant stems in dicotyledons consists of epidermal cells and guard cells that surround openings called stomata. The epidermal cells are usually covered with a waterproof layer that provides protection from injury water loss. The stomata allow gas exchange.

Detailed explanation-2: -Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous Roots Dicot plants have the taproot system. The outermost layer is called the epidermis.

Detailed explanation-3: -In botany, a cortex is an outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles. The cortex is composed mostly of large thin-walled parenchyma cells of the ground tissue system and shows little to no structural differentiation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stomatal guard cells. Stomatal guard cells are essential to keep one particular component inside the plant-water. However, they must also allow the gaseous exchange essential for photosynthetic activity.

Detailed explanation-5: -The epidermis protects the plant from infection and water loss. It regulates the gas exchange in plant cells. The epidermis regulates the secretion of metabolic substances. The epidermis is in charge of absorbing water and essential minerals.