AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mechanical digestion in the oral cavity consists of grinding of food into smaller pieces by the teeth, a process called mastication. Chemical digestion in the mouth is minor but consists of salivary amylase (ptyalin, or alpha-amylase) and lingual lipase, both contained in the saliva.

Detailed explanation-2: -Saliva secreted by salivary glands aids the mechanical and chemical process of digestion. Saliva is about 99% water and not only moistens food but cleanses the mouth, dissolves food chemicals so they can be tasted, and contains enzymes that start the chemical breakdown of starchy foods.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chemical and mechanical digestion are the two methods your body uses to break down foods. Mechanical digestion involves physical movement to make foods smaller. Chemical digestion uses enzymes to break down food.

Detailed explanation-4: -The tongue is a workhorse, facilitating ingestion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion (lingual lipase), sensation (of taste, texture, and temperature of food), swallowing, and vocalization. The tongue perform three important digestive functions in the mouth: Position food for optimal chewing.