AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Osmoregulation occurs in the medulla of the kidney and involves two key events: The loop of Henle establishes a salt gradient (hypertonicity) in the medulla. Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) regulates the level of water reabsorption in the collecting duct.

Detailed explanation-2: -Key Points. Kidneys regulate the osmotic pressure of a mammal’s blood through extensive filtration and purification, in a process known as osmoregulation. Kidneys filter the blood; urine is the filtrate that eliminates waste from the body via the ureter into the bladder.

Detailed explanation-3: -Osmoregulation is the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of bodily fluids to maintain the homeostasis of the body’s water content. Although the kidneys are the major osmoregulatory organ, the skin and lungs also play a role in the process.

Detailed explanation-4: -The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that serve several essential regulatory roles in vertebrates. Besides removing urea and uric acid from the blood, the kidneys also help in maintaining the water and salt concentration in it. This process is called as osmoregulation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Osmoregulation of Liver Function This creates an elegant control mechanism which helps to adapt cellular metabolism to environmental changes (substrates, tonicity, hormones). Hormones and nutrients exert in part their effects on metabolism and gene expression in liver by a modification of cell volume.