AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -For instance, researchers thought that stem cells residing in the bone marrow could give rise only to blood cells. However, emerging evidence suggests that adult stem cells may be able to create various types of cells. For instance, bone marrow stem cells may be able to create bone or heart muscle cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Just like embryonic stem cells, they are pluripotent so they can develop into any cell type.

Detailed explanation-3: -Not surprisingly, injury is one stimulus that can start stem cells producing specialized tissue cells for replacement. It usually takes several cell divisions for the progeny of a stem cell to become fully differentiated cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Stem cell differentiation involves the changing of a cell to a more specialized cell type, involving a switch from proliferation to specialization. This involves a succession of alterations in cell morphology, membrane potential, metabolic activity and signal responsiveness.

Detailed explanation-5: -Stem cells are unspecialized cells of the human body. They are able to differentiate into any cell of an organism and have the ability of self-renewal. Stem cells exist both in embryos and adult cells.