AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Egg and sperm cells have just 23 chromosomes each. That’s half as many chromosomes as regular cells. Through the process of fertilization, egg and sperm join to make a cell with 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), called a zygote.

Detailed explanation-2: -The gametes of human cells are haploid, from the Greek haplos, meaning “single.” This term implies that each gamete contains half of the 46 chromosomes-23 chromosomes in humans.

Detailed explanation-3: -Chromosomes come in pairs. Normally, each cell in the human body has 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total chromosomes). Half come from the mother; the other half come from the father. Two of the chromosomes (the X and the Y chromosome) determine your sex as male or female when you are born.

Detailed explanation-4: -When the sperm and egg cells unite at conception, each contributes 23 chromosomes so the resulting embryo will have the usual 46. Meiosis also allows genetic variation through a process of gene shuffling while the cells are dividing.

Detailed explanation-5: -A normal human cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes. So, a total of 46 chromosomes. At the bivalent stage, each chromosome has two chromatids. So, a total of 92 chromatids will be there in a human cell at the bivalent stage.