AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While long-distance dispersal events of greater than 500 m were rare, Micronesian Starlings were the main driver of these events. For all 15 plant species, Micronesian Starlings dispersed seeds greater than 500 m between 0.6 and 2.1% of the time.

Detailed explanation-2: -Seedy competition. Among seed dispersers on the savanna (black), elephants are the champs in how far they can move seeds, as measured and inferred by researchers.

Detailed explanation-3: -The seed-pooing animals Large-bodied frugivores, like tapirs, cassowaries and elephants, are important seed dispersers.

Detailed explanation-4: -Dates, rambutan, sea grapes, sea holly, tamarind, raspberry, sunflower, tomatoes are a few examples of plants whose seeds are dispersed by animals and birds.

Detailed explanation-5: -Conclusion: Seeds of Peepal trees are dispersed by birds to far-away places when they eat the fruit and release the undigested seeds with the droppings.