AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An electron cloud is the region of negative charge surrounding an atomic nucleus that is associated with an atomic orbital. It is defined mathematically, describing a region with a high probability of containing electrons.

Detailed explanation-2: -Whereas the basic micro-structure of a metal consists of positively charged ions held together by a negatively charged “electron cloud”, the basic micro-structure of a ceramic consists of atoms tied to other atoms by sharing assigned electrons.

Detailed explanation-3: -The initial cause of a lightning strike is a separation of charge within a cloud. Positively charged particles accumulate at the top of the cloud while negatively charged particles concentrate themselves at the bottom of the cloud.

Detailed explanation-4: -The electrons are located in the electron cloud and have a negative charge. The protons have a positive charge and are located in the nucleus. Just like protons, neutrons are also located in the nucleus.

Detailed explanation-5: -Answer 1: Lightning occurs when electrostatic charges build up in clouds and are then discharged, similar to how you can get a shock from touching a door knob after shuffling your feet on the carpet.