AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Classical metabolic engineering changes cell metabolism by changing its pathway enzyme(s) or regulatory protein(s) using recombinant DNA technology, thus improving the productivity and yield of an industrial fermentation product or producing novel biochemical compounds.

Detailed explanation-2: -Metabolic engineering, which is the introduction of rational changes in the genetic makeup of an organism to alter the metabolic profile or improve biosynthetic capabilities (5), has gained increasing interest as a way to develop high titer bioprocesses and produce new “non-natural” natural products.

Detailed explanation-3: -Metabolic pathway engineering has been used to generate cells with novel biochemical functions for therapeutic use, and specific examples are provided in the areas of glycosylation engineering and dopamine-replacement therapy.