AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Enzymes (and other catalysts) act by reducing the activation energy, thereby increasing the rate of reaction. The increased rate is the same in both the forward and reverse directions, since both must pass through the same transition state.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enzymes generally lower activation energy by reducing the energy needed for reactants to come together and react. For example: Enzymes bring reactants together so they don’t have to expend energy moving about until they collide at random.

Detailed explanation-3: -By lowering the activation energy, it allows a large number of molecules to react at a time, and thus, the rate of chemical reaction increases.

Detailed explanation-4: -Since the enzymes are regarded as biological catalysts, therefore their action increases the rate of biological reaction.