AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The liver produces approximately 85% of endogenous glucose, and half of this comes from gluconeogenesis. In a healthy subject, the production rate is approximately 1.8–2.0 mg/kg/min after overnight fasting.

Detailed explanation-2: -Like other carbohydrates, whether simple or complex, glucose has an energy value of 4 kcal per gram.

Detailed explanation-3: -mmol/L or Millimoles Per Litre: – International standard unit for measuring the concentration of glucose in the blood – also known as millimolar (mM).

Detailed explanation-4: -Glucose absorbance is the most significant at wavelengths of 1420–1480 and 1630–1730 nm. Water has one major absorption band near 1450 nm in the region of 1280–1849 nm.