AP BIOLOGY

BIOCHEMISTRY

ENZYMES AND METABOLISM

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
In the production and secretion of an extracellular enzyme, what would happen to the process if endoplasmic reticulum is absent?
A
Proteins are not modified
B
Proteins are not synthesised
C
Proteins are not transcribed
D
Proteins are not secreted
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Without the endoplasmic reticulum, the cell will not survive. Without rough ER the cell will not be able to synthesize new lysosomal enzymes, plasma membrane proteins, proteins for Golgi apparatus, and proteins essential for extracellular secretion.

Detailed explanation-2: -Without the Golgi apparatus, enzymes which are proteins cannot be packaged or processed to be transported out of the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -The smooth ER has an important role in lipid and steroid synthesis, it is a storage for intracellular calcium as well. Without ER in the skeletal muscle fibers couldn’t happen muscle contraction. In the absence of these cellular mechanisms the cell would probably die.

Detailed explanation-4: -When Golgi apparatus is removed from the cell, the modification of lipid and protein molecules synthesized by the cell is stopped. These modifications lead to the formation of functional forms of enzymes, hormones and other intracellular and extracellular secretions. Therefore, formation of these substances is stopped.

There is 1 question to complete.