AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The phenomenon is known as hydrolysis. Digestive enzymes in our body help to break down macromolecules of food into smaller molecules by the process of hydrolysis. So, digestive enzymes belong to the class Hydrolases.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enzymes are globular proteins that control biological reactions. Digestive enzymes speed up the breakdown (hydrolysis) of food molecules into their ‘building block’ components. These reactions occur outside of the cells lining the gut.

Detailed explanation-3: -Enzymatic hydrolysis, enzyme, substrate Enzymatic hydrolysis is a process in which hydrolase-type enzymes cleave a substrate into reaction products using a water molecule. The reaction conditions (temperature, pH, etc.) are specific to each enzyme for its optimal activity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrolysis is a process whereby a compound is broken down into simpler compounds, and is accompanied by the chemical incorporation of water. Almost all tissues contain enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis, but the highest concentrations are found in the liver.

Detailed explanation-5: -Enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out mainly by using cellulase enzyme which causes decomposition of cellulose and some other polysaccharides while keeping the lignin intact.