AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -NAD+ can be reduced to NADH via dehydrogenases and can also be phosphorylated to NADP+ via NAD+ kinases (NADKs). The NAD+/NADH redox couple is known as a regulator of cellular energy metabolism, that is, of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation .

Detailed explanation-2: -The necessary reduced form of NAD is Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen or NADH. It is significantly reduced NAD with unique high-energy hydrogen that interacts with the oxygen molecule to synthesize energy.

Detailed explanation-3: -The cofactor is, therefore, found in two forms in cells: NAD+ is an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons from other molecules and becoming reduced; with H+, this reaction forms NADH, which can be used as a reducing agent to donate electrons. These electron transfer reactions are the main function of NAD.

Detailed explanation-4: -The cofactor is, therefore, found in two forms in cells: NAD+ is an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons from other molecules and becoming reduced; with H+, this reaction forms NADH, which can be used as a reducing agent to donate electrons. These electron transfer reactions are the main function of NAD.

Detailed explanation-5: -NAD+ is the oxidized form of the molecule; NADH is the reduced form of the molecule after it has accepted two electrons and a proton (which together are the equivalent of a hydrogen atom with an extra electron).