AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Enzyme denaturation occurs when an enzyme loses its native conformation, or three-dimensional structure, rendering it unable to bind to substrate and catalyze product formation. The two main causes for enzyme denaturation are deviations from optimal temperature and pH.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enzymes work consistently until they are dissolved, or become denatured. When enzymes denature, they are no longer active and cannot function. Extreme temperature and the wrong levels of pH–a measure of a substance’s acidity or alkalinity–can cause enzymes to become denatured.

Detailed explanation-3: -Coenzyme A is naturally synthesized from pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is found in food such as meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk. In humans and most living organisms, pantothenate is an essential vitamin that has a variety of functions.

Detailed explanation-4: -Enzymes are named by adding the suffix-ase to the name of the substrate that they modify (i.e., urease and tyrosinase), or the type of reaction they catalyze (dehydrogenase, decarboxylase). Some have arbitrary names (pepsin and trypsin).