AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Extreme pH values can cause enzymes to denature. Enzyme concentration: Increasing enzyme concentration will speed up the reaction, as long as there is substrate available to bind to. Once all of the substrate is bound, the reaction will no longer speed up, since there will be nothing for additional enzymes to bind to.

Detailed explanation-2: -Increasing enzyme concentration increases the activity because there are more active sites present to attach to the substrates present. If there are more active sites present for substrates to attach to, then more reactants will be converted to products in the same amount of time.

Detailed explanation-3: -At low substrate concentration the reaction rate increases sharply with increasing substrate concentration because there abundant free enzyme available (E) to bind added substrate.

Detailed explanation-4: -If the substrate concentration is increased then the rate of a catalase reaction will also increase until it reaches the optimal concentration or saturation point and will remain constant. This is because there will be more substrate molecules in a higher concentration therefore a higher frequency of collisions.