AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A fundamental task of proteins is to act as enzymes-catalysts that increase the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions within cells. Although RNAs are capable of catalyzing some reactions, most biological reactions are catalyzed by proteins.

Detailed explanation-2: -Proteins act through their interactions with other molecules. Catalytic proteins (enzymes) interact with substrate molecules; these interactions lower the activation energy of the reaction’s rate limiting step, leading to an increase in the overall reaction rate. At the same time, cells and organisms are not static.

Detailed explanation-3: -You need protein in your diet to help your body repair cells and make new ones. Protein is also important for growth and development in children, teens, and pregnant women.

Detailed explanation-4: -Enzymes Are Powerful and Highly Specific Catalysts This is the case for the large and very important class of proteins called enzymes. As described in Chapter 2, enzymes are remarkable molecules that determine all the chemical transformations that make and break covalent bonds in cells.