AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The part of the enzyme where the substrate binds is called the active site (since that’s where the catalytic “action” happens). A substrate enters the active site of the enzyme.

Detailed explanation-2: -Enzymes are generally quite specific for their substrates. Although lactase and pepsin both catalyze the same type of reaction, breaking a bond using water (hydrolysis: “hydro” means “water” and “lysis” means “to break”), lactase only functions when lactose is its substrate and pepsin can only break peptide bonds.

Detailed explanation-3: -An enzyme will interact with only one type of substance or group of substances, called the substrate, to catalyze a certain kind of reaction. Because of this specificity, enzymes often have been named by adding the suffix “-ase” to the substrate’s name (as in urease, which catalyzes the breakdown of urea).