AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cold temperatures do not denature enzymes because cold does not cause chemical bonds to break. Enzymes are suited to function best within a certain temperature, pH, and salt concentration range. In addition to high temperatures, extreme pH and salt concentrations can cause enzymes to denature.

Detailed explanation-2: -Temperature: Raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction. However, extreme high temperatures can cause an enzyme to lose its shape (denature) and stop working.

Detailed explanation-3: -An enzyme’s shape is tied to its function. Heat, disease, or harsh chemical conditions can damage enzymes and change their shape.

Detailed explanation-4: -A wide variety of reagents and conditions, such as heat, organic compounds, pH changes, and heavy metal ions can cause protein denaturation (Table 9.1 “Protein Denaturation Methods").