AP BIOLOGY

BIOCHEMISTRY

POLAR AND NONPOLAR MOLECULES

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
How do covalent bonds form?
A
Donating & receiving valence e-between atoms.
B
Opposite slight charges attract each other between compounds.
C
Scientists are still not sure how they form.
D
Sharing valence e-between atoms.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Sharing of an electron pair between the atoms results in the formation of covalent bonds. During bond formation, each bond consists of two electrons which are contributed by each one of the combining atoms. By the mutual sharing of electrons, each atom attains octet configuration in its valence shell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Valence electrons are outer shell electrons with an atom and can participate in the formation of chemical bonds. In single covalent bonds, typically both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair. The ground state of an atom is the lowest energy state of the atom.

Detailed explanation-3: -A covalent bond consists of the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms. These electrons are simultaneously attracted by the two atomic nuclei. A covalent bond forms when the difference between the electronegativities of two atoms is too small for an electron transfer to occur to form ions.

Detailed explanation-4: -Covalent bonding involves the transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another atom.

Detailed explanation-5: -A covalent bond is the force of attraction that holds together two atoms that share a pair of valence electrons. The shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms. This forms a molecule consisting of two or more atoms. Covalent bonds form only between atoms of nonmetals.

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