AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In the case of F−F, two similar atoms are bonded together. Hence there is no electronegativity difference between them. Thus, the bond is non-polar.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the case of F-F, the two atoms in the bond are both fluorine atoms, meaning they both have the same electronegativity. As a result, neither atom in the bond can pull the shared electrons towards itself stronger than the other atom, meaning the bond must be non-polar.

Detailed explanation-3: -It consists of two similar fluorine atoms; so electrons from one fluorine atom will not be pulled by other fluorine atom. This molecule shows equal sharing of electrons between fluorine atoms. Therefore, the given molecule is considered as a non polar covalent bond.

Detailed explanation-4: -The correct answer is option c. The higher the ∆EN, the greater will be the bond polarity. This suggests that As-F bond is the most polar bond among the given bonds, and F-F is the least polar bond.

Detailed explanation-5: -(b) The fluorine atom attracts the electrons in the bond more than the hydrogen atom does, leading to an imbalance in the electron distribution. This is a polar covalent bond.