AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -ionic bond, also called electrovalent bond, type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom.

Detailed explanation-2: -When the transfer of electrons occurs, an electrostatic attraction between the two ions of opposite charge takes place and an ionic bond is formed. A salt such as sodium chloride (NaCl) is a good example of a molecule with ionic bonding (see Figure 3-3).

Detailed explanation-3: -Ionic bonding in sodium chloride. An atom of sodium (Na) donates one of its electrons to an atom of chlorine (Cl) in a chemical reaction, and the resulting positive ion (Na+) and negative ion (Cl−) form a stable ionic compound (sodium chloride; common table salt) based on this ionic bond.

Detailed explanation-4: -Now, Na is in excess of one electron to attain octet configuration whereas chlorine is deficient of one electron. So, one electron of Na atom is transferred to Cl atom and thus an ionic bond is formed due to the transfer of electrons. Therefore, NaCl has Na+ and Cl− atoms.