AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nitrogen will usually have 3 bonds, occasionally 4; however, if the N has 4 bonds it will be positively charged. Nitrogen can also have 2 bonds if the nitrogen atom is negatively charged.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nitrogen has three unpaired electrons and one lone pair of electrons, therefore, it can form three covalent bonds and one coordinate bond.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nitrogen atoms can form three covalent bonds, so a triple bond forms between them. The structure of nitrogen is N≡N, showing that it has three shared pairs of electrons.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nitrogen forms three bonds because it has five valence electrons in its outermost electron shell and is able to form a maximum of three covalent bonds in order to attain a stable octet configuration, similar to other elements in Group 15 of the periodic table such as phosphorus and arsenic.

Detailed explanation-5: -The nitrogen atoms are bonded with triple bonds. So, each of them have a lone pair of electron. Hence, total number of lone pair is 2.