AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Materials with a special affinity for water-those it spreads across, maximizing contact-are known as hydrophilic. Those that naturally repel water, causing droplets to form, are known as hydrophobic.

Detailed explanation-2: -What Makes a Molecule Hydrophilic? Molecules are hydrophilic when they have charges or partial charges. These types of molecules are called polar. Water itself is a polar molecule, made up of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms bonded together with covalent bonds.

Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of hydrophilic liquids include ammonia, alcohols, some amides such as urea and some carboxylic acids such as acetic acid.

Detailed explanation-4: -Substances dissolving readily in water are called hydrophilic compounds. They consist of ions or polar molecules that use electrical charge effects to attract water molecules. The water molecules surround these polar molecules and carry them into the solution, thereby dissolving them.