AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -As specific heat capacity of water is more than that of soil, so water absorbs heat slower than soil, which is why the land heats up faster than sea. The air above the land is warmer and air above the sea is cooler.

Detailed explanation-2: -The high specific heat of water also helps regulate the rate at which air changes temperature, which is why the temperature change between seasons is gradual rather than sudden, especially near the oceans.

Detailed explanation-3: -The high heat capacity of water also explains why the temperatures of land near a body of water are more moderate. The high heat capacity of water keeps its temperature within a relatively narrow range, causing nearby coastal areas to also have a narrow daily and seasonal temperature range.

Detailed explanation-4: -Water’s high heat capacity is a property caused by hydrogen bonding among water molecules. When heat is absorbed, hydrogen bonds are broken and water molecules can move freely. When the temperature of water decreases, the hydrogen bonds are formed and release a considerable amount of energy.

Detailed explanation-5: -The oceans play a large role in climate at both a regional and global scale because water has an ability to resist sudden changes in temperature. Because of this, water is said to have a high specific heat. Specific heat is the amount of heat it takes to raise or lower the temperature of one gram of a substance by 1°C.