AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The plus end of one-a hydrogen atom-associates with the minus end of another-an oxygen atom. These attractions are an example of hydrogen bonds, weak interactions that form between a hydrogen with a partial positive charge and a more electronegative atom, such as oxygen.

Detailed explanation-2: -Since the oxygen end of a water molecule is slightly negative and the hydrogen end is slightly positive, it makes sense that water molecules attract one another.

Detailed explanation-3: -While there is no net charge to a water molecule, the polarity of water creates a slightly positive charge on hydrogen and a slightly negative charge on oxygen, contributing to water’s properties of attraction. Water’s charges are generated because oxygen is more electronegative, or electron loving, than hydrogen.

Detailed explanation-4: -The hydrogen atom has a slightly positively charge because it cannot hold as tightly to the negative electron bones. Covalent molecules with this type of uneven charge distribution are polar. Molecules with polar covalent bonds have a positive and negative side.

Detailed explanation-5: -A hydrogen atom bonded to an extra electron, hydride has one proton, and two electrons, which means that it is a negative ion.