AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In this reaction, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) disassociates into sodium (Na+) and hydroxide (OH-) ions when dissolved in water, thereby releasing OH-ions into solution.

Detailed explanation-2: -A base is a substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH-) when in solution.

Detailed explanation-3: -Acids are substances that when dissolved in water release hydrogen ions, H+(aq). Bases are substances that react with and neutralise acids, producing water. When dissolved, bases release hydroxide ions, OH-(aq) into solution. Water is the product of an acid and base reacting.

Detailed explanation-4: -Any substance that forms hydroxide ions, OH, in a water solution is a base. In addition, a base is any substance that accepts H+ from acids. They are the opposite of acids.

Detailed explanation-5: -A base is a substance that releases hydroxyl ions (OH–) in solution, or one that accepts H+ already present in solution (see Figure 3b). The hydroxyl ions or other base combine with H+ present to form a water molecule, thereby removing H+ and reducing the solution’s acidity.