AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These buffer solutions are used to maintain basic conditions. Basic buffer has a basic pH and is prepared by mixing a weak base and its salt with strong acid. The aqueous solution of an equal concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride has a pH of 9.25.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: The mixture that can react with an acid or base and maintain the hydrogen ion concentration within a particular range is called a Buffer solution. The capacity of a buffer to resist a change in the pH by the addition of an acid or a base is referred to as buffering capacity.

Detailed explanation-3: -A buffer is a solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components. It is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution relatively stable.

Detailed explanation-4: -buffer: A solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid. pH: In chemistry, a measure of the activity of the hydrogen ion concentration.

Detailed explanation-5: -Buffers work by neutralising any added acid (H+ ions) or base (OH-ions) to maintain the moderate pH, making them a weaker acid or base.