AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A genetic mutation is a change to a gene’s DNA sequence to produce something different. It creates a permanent change to that gene’s DNA sequence. Genetic variations are important for humans to evolve, which is the process of change over generations. A sporadic genetic mutation occurs in one person.

Detailed explanation-2: -A mutation is a change in a genetic sequence. Mutations include changes as small as the substitution of a single DNA building block, or nucleotide base, with another nucleotide base. Meanwhile, larger mutations can affect many genes on a chromosome.

Detailed explanation-3: -A gain or loss in the number of chromosomes from the normal 46 is called aneuploidy. A common form of aneuploidy is trisomy, or the presence of an extra chromosome in cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection.

Detailed explanation-5: -Mutations can be of many types, such as substitution, deletion, insertion, and translocation.