AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Metaphase leads to anaphase, during which each chromosome’s sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. Enzymatic breakdown of cohesin-which linked the sister chromatids together during prophase-causes this separation to occur.

Detailed explanation-2: -Anaphase: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate. The kinetochore spindle fibers shorten, allowing for 46 of the newly-freed chromatids to be dragged to one end of the cell and the remaining 46 chromatids to be dragged to the opposite end of the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -A central feature of mitosis is segregation of sister chromatids to opposite poles during anaphase.

Detailed explanation-5: -The sister chromatids are pairs of identical copies of DNA joined at a point called the centromere. During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes.