AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sometimes mutations in important genes cause a cell to no longer understand instructions. The cell can start to multiply out of control. It doesn’t repair itself properly, and it doesn’t die when it should. This can lead to cancer.

Detailed explanation-2: -Disruption of normal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases such as cancer. When the cell cycle proceeds without control, cells can divide without order and accumulate genetic errors that can lead to a cancerous tumor .

Detailed explanation-3: -During the cell cycle, checkpoint mechanisms ensure that a cell’s DNA is intact before permitting DNA replication and cell division to occur. Failures in these checkpoints can lead to an accumulation of damage, which in turn leads to mutations.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies-or ‘replicates’-its chromosomes, and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each daughter cell has a full set.