CELL DIVISION
CELL DIVISION AND CANCEROUS CELLS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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True
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False
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Detailed explanation-1: -As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF is secreted by inflammatory cells, which may be involved in inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. TNF exerts its biological functions through activating distinct signaling pathways such as nuclear factor B (NF-B) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).
Detailed explanation-2: -Tumor-extrinsic inflammation is caused by many factors, including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, obesity, tobacco smoking, asbestos exposure, and excessive alcohol consumption, all of which increase cancer risk and stimulate malignant progression.
Detailed explanation-3: -TNF has major effects on bone remodeling: it regulates the bone marrow levels of osteoclast precursors directly by upregulating c-fms expression, and activates osteoclasts by enhancing the signaling mechanisms of the receptor activator of NF-B (RANK). It also plays an important role in controlling infection.
Detailed explanation-4: -(neh-KROH-sis) Refers to the death of living tissues.