AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In meiosis, a single cell divides twice to produce four daughter cells. These daughter cells or sex cells have exactly half the genetic material of normal gametes. Meiosis necessitates two divisions since it produces a haploid cell with half the amount of chromosomes. Thus meiosis occurs twice.

Detailed explanation-2: -Meiosis: The cell divides TWICE (1 cell becomes 4), the first time lining up and then pulling the homologues apart (now 23 sister chromatids in each cell), and the second time pulling the sister chromatids apart, so that each cell ends up with a half set of chromosomes (23, one of each pair).

Detailed explanation-3: -Once mitosis is complete, the cell has two groups of 46 chromosomes, each enclosed with their own nuclear membrane. The cell then splits in two by a process called cytokinesis, creating two clones of the original cell, each with 46 monovalent chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Although the nucleus divides twice during meiosis, the DNA is replicated only once. Unlike the products of mitosis, the haploid cells produced by meiosis are genetically different from one another and from the parent cell.

Detailed explanation-5: -The cell now undergoes a process called cytokinesis that divides the cytoplasm of the original cell into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell is haploid and has only one set of chromosomes, or half the total number of chromosomes of the original cell.