AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that slow down cell division or tell cells to die at the right time (a process known as apoptosis or programmed cell death). When tumor suppressor genes don’t work properly, cells can grow out of control, which can lead to cancer.

Detailed explanation-2: -When a tumor suppressor gene is inactivated by a mutation, the protein it encodes is not produced or does not function properly, and as a result, uncontrolled cell division may occur. Such mutations may contribute to the development of a cancer.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tumor suppressor genes represent the opposite side of cell growth control, normally acting to inhibit cell proliferation and tumor development. In many tumors, these genes are lost or inactivated, thereby removing negative regulators of cell proliferation and contributing to the abnormal proliferation of tumor cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -(TOO-mer suh-PREH-ser jeen) A type of gene that regulates cell growth. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, uncontrolled cell growth may occur. This may contribute to the development of cancer. Also called antioncogene.

Detailed explanation-5: -Most cancer cells have more than 60 mutations . A challenge for researchers is finding which mutations cause certain types of cancer. Mutations in tumor suppressor genes are one of the two main types of mutations that lead to cancerous changes in cells.