AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Sex cells are different from other cells in one special way: Put simply, they only have one half of the total amount of human genetic information. When a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, the resulting cell has a full set of genetic information again.

Detailed explanation-2: -Each daughter cell has half the number of chromosomes as compared to their parents (one copy of each chromosome). The resulting cells from meiosis are not genetically identical because of the recombination of genes that occurred during prophase 1.

Detailed explanation-3: -Each sperm cell, or spermatozoon, is small and motile. The spermatozoon has a flagellum, which is a tail-shaped structure that allows the cell to propel and move. In contrast, each egg cell, or ovum, is relatively large and non-motile. During fertilization, a spermatozoon and ovum unite to form a new diploid organism.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mitosis is used to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cells. The cell copies-or ‘replicates’-its chromosomes, and then splits the copied chromosomes equally to make sure that each daughter cell has a full set.

Detailed explanation-5: -Because of recombination and independent assortment in meiosis, each gamete contains a different set of DNA. This produces a unique combination of genes in the resulting zygote.