AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -By experimenting with true-breeding pea plants, Mendel avoided the appearance of unexpected traits in offspring that might occur if the plants were not true breeding. The garden pea also grows to maturity within one season, meaning that several generations could be evaluated over a relatively short time.

Detailed explanation-2: -true-breeding plant: a plant that always produces offspring of the same phenotype when self-fertilized; one that is homozygous for the trait being followed.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mendel’s parental pea plants always bred true because both produced gametes carried the same allele. When P plants with contrasting traits were cross-fertilized, all of the offspring were heterozygous for the contrasting trait, meaning their genotype had different alleles for the gene being examined.

Detailed explanation-4: -What is the law of independent assortment? Mendel’s law of independent assortment states that the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another. In other words, the allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.