AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, and different chromosomes segregate independently of each other. This called is called independent assortment. It results in gametes that have unique combinations of chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Principle of Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop. Independent assortment of genes and their corresponding traits was first observed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 during his studies of genetics in pea plants.

Detailed explanation-3: -What stage of meiosis does independent assortment occur? Independent assortment in meiosis takes place in eukaryotes during metaphase I of meiotic division. It produces a gamete carrying mixed chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -The law of independent assortment states that the random orientation of homologous chromosome pairs during metaphase I allow for the production of gametes with many different assortments of homologous chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -In metaphase I, the tetrads line themselves up at the metaphase plate and homologous pairs orient themselves randomly. In anaphase I, centromeres break down and homologous chromosomes separate. In telophase I, chromosomes move to opposite poles; during cytokinesis the cell separates into two haploid cells.