AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Crossing over takes place at the pachytene stage of prophase I of Meiosis. Crossing over includes the symmetrical division of chromatids, and the reciprocal exchange and crosswise assembly of segments between non-sister chromatids, often breaking linkage. This results in the recombination of genes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Crossing over is an enzyme-mediated process, where the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes takes place. It occurs at the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis.

Detailed explanation-3: -So, the correct answer is Pachytene.

Detailed explanation-4: -Meiosis I includes crossing over or recombination of genetic material between chromosome pairs, while meiosis II does not. This occurs in meiosis I in a long and complicated prophase I, split into five sub-phases.