AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Meiosis I includes crossing over or recombination of genetic material between chromosome pairs, while meiosis II does not.

Detailed explanation-2: -Explanation: Crossing over occurs when chromosomal homologs exchange information during metaphase of Meiosis I. During this stage, homologous chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate and exchange genetic information.

Detailed explanation-3: -Crossing over is a cellular process that happens during meiosis when chromosomes of the same type are lined up. When two chromosomes-one from the mother and one from the father-line up, parts of the chromosome can be switched. The two chromosomes contain the same genes, but may have different forms of the genes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Crossing over does not occur in mitosis. Crossing over occurs in anaphase at each pole of the cell where the chromosomes are packed together. Crossing over occurs in metaphase when all the chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell. Their close proximity allows crossing over to occur.

Detailed explanation-5: -Reason: During meiosis, the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes cross-over and exchange genetic information. This step does not occur during mitosis.