AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -(a) Cell rounding requires a decrease in the cell surface area-to-volume ratio.

Detailed explanation-2: -A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division. The cell then leaves interphase, undergoes mitosis, and completes its division.

Detailed explanation-3: -Stages of interphase During this time, a high amount of protein synthesis occurs and the cell grows (to about double its original size) – more organelles are produced and the volume of the cytoplasm increases.

Detailed explanation-4: -Interphase is composed of G1 phase (cell growth), followed by S phase (DNA synthesis), followed by G2 phase (cell growth). At the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase, which is made up of mitosis and cytokinesis and leads to the formation of two daughter cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -G2 is the shortest phase of interphase. It is when organelles and proteins necessary for cell division are produced. The cell requires a bunch of proteins and other stuff to separate the chromosomes and divide the cell in half. All of these materials are produced during G2.