AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The chromosomes in a homologous pair each have the same genes in the same order, but there may be variation between them, resulting in different alleles. Some of the variants in these alleles might have functional implications while others will not.

Detailed explanation-2: -Heterozygous for a gene refers to when a homologous pair of chromosomes has different alleles of the same gene.

Detailed explanation-3: -Humans have 23 chromosome pairs, or 46 chromosomes in all. Homologous chromosomes have the same genes arranged in the same order, but they have slightly different DNA sequences. Different versions of the same gene are called alleles (uh-LEELZ); homologous chromosomes often contain different alleles.

Detailed explanation-4: -Homologous chromosomes are matched pairs containing genes for the same traits in identical locations along their length. Diploid organisms inherit one copy of each homologous chromosome from each parent; all together, they are considered a full set of chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-5: -In humans, the 22 pairs of homologous autosomal chromosomes contain the same genes but code for different traits in their allelic forms, as one was inherited from the mother and one from the father.