AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -At the end of mitosis, the two daughter cells will be exact copies of the original cell. Each daughter cell will have 30 chromosomes. At the end of meiosis II, each cell (i.e., gamete) would have half the original number of chromosomes, that is, 15 chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Chromosome analysis revealed that worms belonging to different populations and color morphs, with dividing spermatogonia having 20 chromosomes in the diploid set (2n = 20) (Fig. 4a).

Detailed explanation-3: -The gametes of human cells are haploid, from the Greek haplos, meaning “single.” This term implies that each gamete contains half of the 46 chromosomes-23 chromosomes in humans.

Detailed explanation-4: -The diploid number can be calculated by multiplying the haploid number by 2. The variable ‘N’ represents the number of chromosomes in the genome. Thus, the haploid number of chromosomes is equal to N. The diploid number of chromosomes is equal to 2N.