AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A gamete is a reproductive cell of an animal or plant. In animals, female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Ova and sperm are haploid cells, with each cell carrying only one copy of each chromosome. During fertilization, a sperm and ovum unite to form a new diploid organism.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gametes carry half the genetic information of an individual, one ploidy of each type, and are created through meiosis, in which a germ cell undergoes two fissions, resulting in the production of four gametes.

Detailed explanation-3: -Male gametes (spermatozoa) are produced by cells (spermatogonia) in the seminiferous tubules of the testes during spermatogenesis (Fig. 4.2). Spermatogonia undergo mitotic divisions to produce additional spermatogonia, which differentiate into primary spermatocytes.

Detailed explanation-4: -The male gametes of angiosperms consist of two sperm cells within a pollen grain or a pollen tube. They are derived from a single generative cell, which is formed as the smaller cell by unequal cell division in the microspore after meiosis.

Detailed explanation-5: -Gametes are an organism’s reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm.