AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In metaphase I, the tetrads line themselves up at the metaphase plate and homologous pairs orient themselves randomly. In anaphase I, centromeres break down and homologous chromosomes separate. In telophase I, chromosomes move to opposite poles; during cytokinesis the cell separates into two haploid cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Homologous chromosomes pair in prophase I, forming tetrads. The tetrads then cross over, exchanging genetic material. Then, the genetically-mixed tetrads line up on the metaphase plate and are separated in anaphase I. Note that after the first meiotic division, the two daughter cells are nonidentical and are haploid.

Detailed explanation-3: -During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle.

Detailed explanation-4: -Tetrad Formation in Meiosis In humans, sex cells contain 23 chromosomes. Therefore, 23 tetrads form during meiosis. During prophase I of meiosis I, the condensed homologous chromosomes line up to create tetrads, which are composed of two pairs of sister chromatids.

Detailed explanation-5: -MEIOSIS I: Prophase: In this stage, homologous chromosomes pair up to form tetrads . The formation of tetrads is also called synapsis.