AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A medical term for having an extra copy of a chromosome is ‘trisomy.’ Down syndrome is also referred to as Trisomy 21. This extra copy changes how the baby’s body and brain develop, which can cause both mental and physical challenges for the baby.

Detailed explanation-2: -A gain or loss in the number of chromosomes from the normal 46 is called aneuploidy. A common form of aneuploidy is trisomy, or the presence of an extra chromosome in cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -For example, an extra copy of chromosome 21 causes Down syndrome (trisomy 21). Chromosomal abnormalities can also cause miscarriage, disease, or problems in growth or development. The most common type of chromosomal abnormality is known as aneuploidy, an abnormal chromosome number due to an extra or missing chromosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Triple X syndrome, also called trisomy X or 47, XXX, is a genetic disorder that affects about 1 in 1, 000 females.