AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The head of the sperm cell contains the male’s genetic information that is to be passed on to the next generation. Normally, the head of a sperm cell contains one copy of each chromosome . In men with macrozoospermia, the sperm cell head contains extra chromosomes, usually four copies of each instead of the usual one.

Detailed explanation-2: -The first cell of a new human being forms during fertilization when an egg cell (from the mother) combines with a sperm cell (from the father). This cell has the genetic information that includes the encoded building instructions for the whole body.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nucleus: the nucleus is the heart of the egg cell; it contains most of the genetic material in the form of chromosomes. This is where the genes are situated. An egg, like a sperm, contains half the number of chromosomes as a normal cell, i.e. 23 each.

Detailed explanation-4: -Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

Detailed explanation-5: -While other normal human cells have 46 chromosomes (or 23 pair), gametes contain 23 chromosomes. Chromosomes are long threadlike structures found in a cell nucleus that contain genetic material known as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).