AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Whereas somatic cells undergo mitosis to proliferate, the germ cells undergo meiosis to produce haploid gametes (the sperm and the egg). The development of a new progeny organism is then initiated by the fusion of these gametes at fertilization.

Detailed explanation-2: -Like mitosis, meiosis is a process of nuclear division. However, where mitosis leads to an exact copy of the chromosomes, meiosis results in producing new cells with exactly half the DNA as the parent cell. Meiosis is how gametes (sperm and eggs) of organisms are created.

Detailed explanation-3: -At the end of meiosis I, the DNA content in the cell again becomes halved, which is 2C. After meiosis II, the DNA content again gets halved and hence final cells produced after meiosis have DNA content as C.

Detailed explanation-4: -Specifically, meiosis creates new combinations of genetic material in each of the four daughter cells. These new combinations result from the exchange of DNA between paired chromosomes. Such exchange means that the gametes produced through meiosis exhibit an amazing range of genetic variation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females.